Dual-layer catalyst layers for increased proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance

The use of a dual-layer cathode catalyst layer improves the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. To generate single and dual-layer catalyst layers between the gas diffusion media and proton exchange membrane electrolyte, two commercial carbon-supported platinum catalysts with either a high microporosity carbon (Ketjen Black EC-300J) or a low porosity carbon (XC-72 Vulcan carbon) are utilized. We discovered that duallayer cathode catalyst layers boost maximum power of fuel cells regardless of carbon porosity directionality, with either high surface area carbon at the proton exchange membrane electrolyte or gas diffusion media interface. At 25% relative humidity, a condition that generally inhibits fuel cell performance, a 20% performance boost is realized when using dual-layer cathode CLs. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results indicate that cathodes with dual-layer catalyst layer aid in water management due to lower kinetic activity losses of the Pt and improved hydration of the proton exchange membrane electrolyte.

Automated summary

The use of a dual-layer cathode catalyst layer improves the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells by boosting maximum power regardless of carbon porosity directionality. At 25% relative humidity, a 20% performance boost is realized with dual-layer cathode CLs. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results show that dual-layer catalyst layers aid in water management and reduce kinetic activity losses of the Pt.