Journal
IMMUNITY
Volume 44, Issue 3, Pages 659-671Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.02.007
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Funding
- Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh Research Advisory Committee from Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the UPMC Health System
- NIH [T32GM008208, F30AI114146]
- PHS [P50HL084932, 5R01HL061271, R37HL079142]
- [K08DK101608]
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Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) signaling are essential for regulating mucosal host defense against many invading pathogens. Commensal bacteria, especially segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB), are a crucial factor that drives T helper 17 (Th17) cell development in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we demonstrate that Th17 cells controlled SFB burden. Disruption of IL-17R signaling in the enteric epithelium resulted in SFB dysbiosis due to reduced expression of alpha-defensins, Pigr, and Nox1. When subjected to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, IL-17R-signaling-deficient mice demonstrated earlier disease onset and worsened severity that was associated with increased intestinal Csf2 expression and elevated systemic GM-CSF cytokine concentrations. Conditional deletion of IL-17R in the enteric epithelium demonstrated that there was a reciprocal relationship between the gut microbiota and enteric IL-17R signaling that controlled dysbiosis, constrained Th17 cell development, and regulated the susceptibility to autoimmune inflammation.
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