Strength and rupture geometry of un-irradiated C26M FeCrAl under LOCA burst testing conditions

Ferritic iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloys are an accident tolerant fuel candidate to replace the incumbent Zr-based claddings. Nuclear grade FeCrAl alloys are marked by superior high temperature mechanical behavior and exceptional steam oxidation resistance, both of which increase safety margins during accident scenarios. In the present study, the loss of coolant accident (LOCA) burst behaviors of three un-irradiated commercially fabricated cladding materials in a simulated LOCA environment were compared: (1) T35Y2, a 1st generation nuclear grade FeCrAl, (2) C26M, a 2nd generation nuclear grade FeCrAl, and (3) Zircaloy-2. Both FeCrAl alloys showed improved mechanical strength and steam oxidation resistance compared to Zircaloy-2. C26M claddings burst at significantly higher temperatures for all tested engineering hoop stresses, had limited ballooning, and demonstrated preferential fuel retention behavior in terms of burst opening area and length. High temperature tensile data for C26M is also presented. For both un-irradiated FeCrAl alloys, it was found that a distinct threshold burst stress signified the transition between small and large openings. Higher threshold hoop stresses were associated with higher uniaxial strength for the FeCrAl alloys, indicating that tensile data, rather than creep data, could be useful for predicting rupture size and assessing fuel dispersal concerns. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The study compared the burst behaviors of different FeCrAl alloys in a simulated LOCA environment, finding that second generation nuclear grade FeCrAl alloys have better mechanical strength and steam oxidation resistance, exhibiting higher rupture temperature and fuel retention performance.