Journal
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 65, Issue 5, Pages 4156-4181Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01993
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [82173689, 22037002, 81872747, 81903457]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB0202600]
- National Science and Technology Major Project [2018ZX10101004003001]
- Key Collaborative Research Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations [ANSO-CR-KP-202006]
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism [2021 Sci Tech 03-28]
- Innovative Research Team of High-Level Local Universities in Shanghai
- Chinese Special Fund for State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering [2060204]
- Shanghai Sailing Program [19YF1412600]
- Shanghai Morning Light Program [18CG33]
- Pu'er Municipal Expert Workstation
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This study designed and synthesized 35 novel derivatives based on quisinostat, with JX35 showing significant antimalarial effects in both in vitro and in vivo studies. JX35 exhibited potent inhibition against various parasite strains, suggesting its potential for simultaneous treatment, chemoprevention, and blocking malaria transmission. Mechanistic studies indicated that JX35 targets Pf HDAC1, showing stronger triple-stage antimalarial effects and lower toxicity compared to quisinostat.
Our previous work found that the clinical histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor quisinostat exhibited a significant antimalarial effect but with severe toxicity. In this work, 35 novel derivatives were designed and synthesized based on quisinostat as the lead compound, and their in vitro antimalarial activities and cytotoxicities were systematically evaluated. Among them, JX35 showed potent inhibition against both wild-type and multidrug-resistant parasite strains and displayed a significant in vivo killing effect against all life cycles of parasites, including the blood stage, liver stage, and gametocyte stage, indicating its potential for the simultaneous treatment, chemoprevention, and blockage of malaria transmission. Compared with quisinostat, JX35 exhibited stronger antimalarial efficacy, more adequate safety, and good pharmacokinetic properties. Additionally, mechanistic studies via molecular docking studies, induced Pf HDAC1/2 knockdown assays, and PfHDAC1 enzyme inhibition assays jointly indicated that the antimalarial target of JX35 was Pf HDAC1. In summary, we discovered the promising candidate PfHDAC1 inhibitor JX35, which showed stronger triple-stage antimalarial effects and lower toxicity than quisinostat.
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