Journal
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
Volume 64, Issue 4, Pages 792-811Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13230
Keywords
agronomic traits; biochemical oscillators; circadian clock; multi-dimensional outputs; Zeitgebers
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1904202, 32170275, 31570285, 32170259, 31670285]
- National key research and development program [2021YFA1300402]
- National Natural Science Foundation of Hebei [17966304D]
- Hebei Hundred Talents Program [E2016100018]
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This review summarizes recent studies on the plant circadian system, including molecular mechanisms, internal and external time cues, and physiological regulation. The circadian clock in plants is highly sensitive to timing cues such as light, temperature, and nutrients, and it regulates independent rhythms in different tissues, affecting processes like growth and immune response.
Endogenous circadian clock integrates cyclic signals of environment and daily and seasonal behaviors of organisms to achieve spatiotemporal synchronization, which greatly improves genetic diversity and fitness of species. This review addresses recent studies on the plant circadian system in the field of chronobiology, covering topics on molecular mechanisms, internal and external Zeitgebers, and hierarchical regulation of physiological outputs. The architecture of the circadian clock involves the autoregulatory transcriptional feedback loops, post-translational modifications of core oscillators, and epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones. Here, light, temperature, humidity, and internal elemental nutrients are summarized to illustrate the sensitivity of the circadian clock to timing cues. In addition, the circadian clock runs cell-autonomously, driving independent circadian rhythms in various tissues. The core oscillators responds to each other with biochemical factors including calcium ions, mineral nutrients, photosynthetic products, and hormones. We describe clock components sequentially expressed during a 24-h day that regulate rhythmic growth, aging, immune response, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Notably, more data have suggested the circadian clock links chrono-culture to key agronomic traits in crops.
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