Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
Volume 41, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02273-w
Keywords
Pancreatic cancer; Immune checkpoint inhibitor; PD-1; PD-L1; Combinational therapy; Systematic treatment; Post-translational modification; Precision therapy
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81871925, 82071867]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Zhejiang Provincial Universities [2021XZZX031]
- Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province [2020C03117]
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Pancreatic cancer has a high mortality rate and immunotherapy with anti-PD-(L)1 has limited efficacy. This review explores the combination of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy with anti-PD-(L)1 in pancreatic cancer treatment. It also suggests future directions for optimizing combination therapy.
Mortality associated with pancreatic cancer is among the highest of all malignancies, with a 5-year overall survival of 5-10%. Immunotherapy, represented by the blocking antibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 or its ligand 1 (anti-PD-(L)1), has achieved remarkable success in a number of malignancies. However, due to the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment, the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-(L)1 in pancreatic cancer is far from expectation. To address such a fundamental issue, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and even immunotherapy itself, have individually been attempted to combine with anti-PD-(L)1 in preclinical and clinical investigation. This review, with a particular focus on pancreatic cancer therapy, collects current anti-PD-(L)1-based combination strategy, highlights potential adverse effects of accumulative combination, and further points out future direction in optimization of combination, including targeting post-translational modification of PD-(L)1 and improving precision of treatment.
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