Journal
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 37, Issue 1, Pages 573-591Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2017911
Keywords
Anticancer; apoptosis; multi-kinase; pharmacophoric features; VEGFR-2
Funding
- Research Center at AlMaarefa University under TUMA project [TUMA-2021-4]
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Based on the pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors, 17 novel compounds were designed and synthesized, with compound 15(d) showing the strongest inhibitory activity and significant apoptosis and antitumor effects against hepatocellular carcinoma.
Based on quinazoline, quinoxaline, and nitrobenzene scaffolds and on pharmacophoric features of VEGFR-2 inhibitors, 17 novel compounds were designed and synthesised. VEGFR-2 IC50 values ranged from 60.00 to 123.85 nM for the new derivatives compared to 54.00 nM for sorafenib. Compounds 15(a) , 15(b) , and 15(d) showed IC50 from 17.39 to 47.10 mu M against human cancer cell lines; hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), prostate cancer (PC3), and breast cancer (MCF-7). Meanwhile, the first in terms of VEGFR-2 inhibition was compound 15(d) which came second with regard to antitumor assay with IC50 = 24.10, 40.90, and 33.40 mu M against aforementioned cell lines, respectively. Furthermore, Compound 15(d) increased apoptosis rate of HepG2 from 1.20 to 12.46% as it significantly increased levels of Caspase-3, BAX, and P53 from 49.6274, 40.62, and 42.84 to 561.427, 395.04, and 415.027 pg/mL, respectively. Moreover, 15(d) showed IC50 of 253 and 381 nM against HER2 and FGFR, respectively.
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