Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Volume 111, Issue -, Pages 292-300Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.03.046
Keywords
Electric field; Membrane fouling; Ca2+; Flocs formation; Trace organic compounds
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0401107]
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The effects of Ca2+ on membrane fouling and trace organic compounds removal in an electric field-assisted microfiltration system were investigated. The presence of Ca2+ weakened the impact of the electric field on membrane fouling, but promoted the alleviation of fouling and removal of trace organic compounds at higher voltage.
The effects of Ca2+ on membrane fouling and trace organic compounds (TrOCs) removal in an electric field-assisted microfiltration system were investigated in the presence of Na+ alone for comparison. In the electric field, negatively charged bovine serum albumin (BSA) migrated towards the anode far away from the membrane surface, resulting in a 42.9% transmembrane pressure (TMP) reduction in the presence of Na+ at 1.5 V. In contrast, because of the stronger charge shielding of Ca2+, the electrophoretic migration of BSA was limited and led to a neglectable effect of the electric field (1.5 V) on membrane fouling. However, under 3 V applied voltage, the synergistic effects of electrochemical oxidation and bridging interaction between Ca2+ and BSA promoted the formation of denser settleable flocs and a thinner porous cake layer, which alleviated membrane fouling with a 64.5% decrease in TMP and nearly 100% BSA removal. The TrOCs elimination increased with voltage and reached 29.4%-80.4% at 3 V. The electric field could prolong the contact between TrOCs and strong oxidants generated on the anode, which enhanced the TrOCs removal. However, a stronger charge shielding ability of Ca2+ weakened the electric field force and thus lowered the TrOCs removal. (C) 2021 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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