Biomass-derived hierarchical N, P codoped porous 3D-carbon framework@TiO2 hybrids as advanced anode for lithium ion batteries

Advanced anode materials with high theoretical capacity and rate capability are urgently required for next generation lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, hierarchical N, P codoped porous 3D-carbon framework@TiO2 nanoparticle hybrid (N, P-C@TiO2) is synthesized by using pollen as biomass precursor through a facile template assisted sol-gel methode and exhibits hierarchical porous hollow structure with plenty of redox active sites and enhanced specific surface area. Compared with N, P codoped porous micro-carbon sphere framework and TiO2 porous hollow microspheres anodes, the N, P-C@TiO2 anode shows superior reversible capacity of 687.3 mAh g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1) after 200 cycles and 440.5 mAh g(-1) after 1000 cycles at 1 A g(-1). The excellent performance can be attributed to the rational hierarchical porous hollow structure and the synergetic contributions from the N, P codoped-carbon and TiO2 components, which enhance Li' storage capability, accelerate the reaction kinetics and stabilize the electrode structure and interface during charge/discharge process. This study suggests a practical strategy to prepare novel anode material with abundant natural resource and facile synthetic route, and the optimized hybrid anode with outstanding Li' storage properties provides hopeful application prospect in advanced LIBs and other energy storage devices. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

A novel hierarchical N, P codoped porous 3D-carbon framework@TiO2 nanoparticle hybrid was successfully synthesized in this study, exhibiting superior reversible capacity and cycling stability attributed to its hierarchical porous hollow structure and synergistic contributions from N, P codoped-carbon and TiO2 components.