ZnSn nanocatalyst: Ultra-high formate selectivity from CO2 electrochemical reduction and the structure evolution effect

The introduction of tin (Sn) into Zn-based catalyst can change its intrinsic properties of the electrochem-ically reduction of CO2 to CO, obtaining a high formate yield. The electron transfer from Zn to Sn lowers down the d-band center of Sn, leading to a more reliable surface adsorption of the *OCHO intermediate and high formate selectivity. The obtained ZnSn catalyst enables formate formation with a drastically boosted Faradaic efficiency (FE) up to 94%, which is 2.04 and 1.34 times of pure Zn and Sn foils, respec-tively, indicating a synergistic effect between Zn and Sn. During the electrochemical CO2 reduction reac-tion (eCO(2)RR) process, the morphology of the ZnSn catalyst evolved from nanoparticles to nanosheets, nanoneedles and collapsed structures, corresponding to the activation, stabilization and decay stages, respectively. This study provides a facile and controllable approach for the construction of novel bimetal-lic catalyst favoring formate selectivity based on the synergistic effect. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

Introducing tin (Sn) into Zn-based catalyst can significantly increase the formate yield and achieve a high Faradaic efficiency of 94%; a synergistic effect between Zn and Sn favors the production of formate with high selectivity; during the reaction process, the morphology of the ZnSn catalyst evolves from nanoparticles to nanosheets and collapsed structures.