Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 171, Issue 4, Pages 367-377Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvab158
Keywords
redox regulation; NLRP3 inflammasome-related disorders; NLRP3 inflammasome; immune and inflammatory responses; glutathione
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Sciences, Sports and Technology (MEXT), Japan [20K08823, 18H02098, 19K22258, 20F20408, 21H02071]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) International Research Fellowship
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Glutathione plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism and redox homeostasis. Recent studies have shown its central role in regulating the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, which is associated with various diseases.
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein thiol (-SH) in mammalian cells. Its synthesis and metabolism serve to maintain cellular reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis, which is important for multiple cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation and death. An accumulating body of evidence suggests that the essential roles of GSH extended far beyond its oxidant and electrophile scavenger activities and regulatory role in the lifespan of cells. Recent findings revealed that altered GSH levels are closely associated with a wide range of pathologies including bacterial and viral infections, neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune disorders, all of which are also characterized by aberrant activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. As a result of these findings, GSH was assigned a central role in influencing the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. To expand on our recent advances in understanding this process, we discuss here the emerging roles of GSH in activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, and the therapeutic potential of GSH in its associated pathologies.
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