Journal
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
Volume 26, Issue 11, Pages 1394-1411Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/10870547211044214
Keywords
ADHD; executive function; naturalistic behavior; real-world attention; virtual reality
Categories
Funding
- Academy of Finland [325981, 328954, 323251]
- Finnish Cultural Foundation [00190963, 00201002]
- Arvo and Lea Ylppo Foundation [202010005]
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [323251, 328954, 325981, 323251, 328954, 325981] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
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The study showed that the EPELI task demonstrated predictive, discriminant, and concurrent validity in quantifying goal-directed behavior and ADHD symptoms, thus providing evidence for its ecological validity in assessing ADHD symptoms using virtual reality technology.
Objective: To quantify goal-directed behavior and ADHD symptoms in naturalistic conditions, we developed a virtual reality task, EPELI (Executive Performance in Everyday LIving), and tested its predictive, discriminant and concurrent validity. Method: We collected EPELI data, conventional neuropsychological task data, and parent-ratings of executive problems and symptoms in 38 ADHD children and 38 typically developing controls. Results: EPELI showed predictive validity as the ADHD group exhibited higher percentage of irrelevant actions reflecting lower attentional-executive efficacy and more controller movements and total game actions, both indicative of hyperactivity-impulsivity. Further, the five combined EPELI measures showed excellent discriminant validity (area under curve 88 %), while the correlations of the EPELI efficacy measure with parent-rated executive problems (r = .57) and ADHD symptoms (r = .55) pointed to its concurrent validity. Conclusion: We provide a proof-of-concept validation for a new virtual reality tool for ecologically valid assessment of ADHD symptoms.
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