Prenylated xanthones with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory effects from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana

Two new prenylated xanthones, mangoxanthones A-B (1-2), together with four known compounds 3-6, were isolated from the ethanol extract of the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana. The structures of these compounds have been elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis. The analysis results of chiral HPLC revealed compounds 1 and 2 were scalemic mixtures respectively. All isolated compounds were biologically evaluated for their alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory effects using in-vitro assays. Compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activities against alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase with IC50 of 29.06 +/- 1.86 and 22.74 +/- 2.07 mu M, respectively. Molecular docking predicted the binding sites of compound 1 to alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase. A preliminary structure-activity relationship was discussed.

Automated summary

Two new prenylated xanthones, mangoxanthones A-B (1-2), were isolated from Garcinia mangostana, along with four known compounds. Compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activities against alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase, and molecular docking predicted its binding sites. Initial structure-activity relationship discussions were conducted.