Facile preparation of NiO nanoparticles anchored on N/P-codoped 3D carbon nanofibers network for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors

The 3D porous carbon materials/transition metal oxide composite is considered to be a potential candidate for supercapacitors owing to the synergy effect of excellent pore structure, electrical conductivity and high pseudocapacitance. However, its complicated preparation and uncontrollable stability are still challenges. In this paper, we propose a facile method for in-situ preparing a novel kind of the NiO nanoparticles anchored on N/P-codoped carbon nanofibers network (CNF/NiO) composite. The CNF/NiO composite exhibits a 3D hierarchical porous network and high specific surface area, which supply efficient channels for the transmission of electrons/ions, and ample place for sufficient reaction between active substance and electrolyte. In addition, the NiO nanoparticles anchored on carbon nanofibers network can provide stable and excellent pseudocapacitance. When applied for supercapacitors, the CNF/NiO-based electrode can achieve the capacitance value of 674 F g(-1) and 98.6% capacitance preservation after 5000 cycles in a three-electrode system. Moreover, the asymmetric supercapacitors based on CNF/NiO composite obtain a superior capacitance value of 86 F g(-1) in a wide voltage of 1.6 V, and the maximum energy and power density reach 30.2 Wh kg(-1) and 8.1 kW kg(-1), respectively. The process has the advantages of simple operation, environmental friendliness, and possible mass production. It also provides prospects for designing and developing next-generation electrode materials for energy conversion devices. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

A novel CNF/NiO composite with 3D hierarchical porous network and high specific surface area is prepared, providing efficient channels for electron/ion transmission and ample place for reaction between active substance and electrolyte. The composite shows stable and excellent pseudocapacitance, achieving high capacitance value and preservation rate after cycles. Asymmetric supercapacitors based on the composite exhibit superior capacitance, energy density, and power density in a wide voltage range, with advantages of simple operation, environmental friendliness, and potential mass production.