4.6 Article

From low-cost sensors to high-quality data: A summary of challenges and best practices for effectively calibrating low-cost particulate matter mass sensors

Journal

JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
Volume 158, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2021.105833

Keywords

Low-cost sensors; Particulate matter; Air quality; Air pollution

Funding

  1. National Research Agency under the Programme d'Investissements d'Avenir [ANR-18-MPGA-0011]
  2. NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center
  3. National Science Foundation [OISE 2020677]
  4. Columbia University Climate and Life Fellowship
  5. Western Greece's Smart Specialisation Strategy (RIS3)
  6. European Union
  7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD83587301, 83628601]
  8. Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-18-MPGA-0011] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)

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Low-cost sensors for particulate matter mass (PM) provide spatially dense, high temporal resolution measurements of air quality, especially beneficial in low and middle-income countries with limited reference grade measurements. However, these sensors also face challenges that must be addressed to ensure data quality.
Low-cost sensors for particulate matter mass (PM) enable spatially dense, high temporal resolu-tion measurements of air quality that traditional reference monitoring cannot. Low-cost PM sensors are especially beneficial in low and middle-income countries where few, if any, reference grade measurements exist and in areas where the concentration fields of air pollutants have significant spatial gradients. Unfortunately, low-cost PM sensors also come with a number of challenges that must be addressed if their data products are to be used for anything more than a qualitative characterization of air quality. The various PM sensors used in low-cost monitors are all subject to biases and calibration dependencies, corrections for which range from relatively straightforward (e.g. meteorology, age of sensor) to complex (e.g. aerosol source, composition, refractive index). The methods for correcting and calibrating these biases and dependencies that have been used in the literature likewise range from simple linear and quadratic models to complex machine learning algorithms. Here we review the needs and challenges when trying to get high-quality data from low-cost sensors. We also present a set of best practices to follow to obtain high-quality data from these low-cost sensors.

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