Journal
ISME JOURNAL
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 1130-1139Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01166-8
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Funding
- France Investissements d'Avenir program [ANR-10LABX-54, ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02]
- PSL -University of Arizona Mobility Program
- French IPEF program
- U.S. National Science Foundation, Dimensions of Biodiversity program [DEB-1831493]
- U.S. National Science Foundation, Biology Integration Institute-Implementation program [DBI-2022070]
- U.S. National Science Foundation, National Research Traineeship program [DGE-2022055]
- United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Interdisciplinary Consortium for Astrobiology Research program
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The response of ocean primary production to climate warming is affected by microbial loop activity and bacterial adaptation, which can reverse the negative impacts of climate warming through bacterial adaptation.
Predicting the response of ocean primary production to climate warming is a major challenge. One key control of primary production is the microbial loop driven by heterotrophic bacteria, yet how warming alters the microbial loop and its function is poorly understood. Here we develop an eco-evolutionary model to predict the physiological response and adaptation through selection of bacterial populations in the microbial loop and how this will impact ecosystem function such as primary production. We find that the ecophysiological response of primary production to warming is driven by a decrease in regenerated production which depends on nutrient availability. In nutrient-poor environments, the loss of regenerated production to warming is due to decreasing microbial loop activity. However, this ecophysiological response can be opposed or even reversed by bacterial adaptation through selection, especially in cold environments: heterotrophic bacteria with lower bacterial growth efficiency are selected, which strengthens the link behavior of the microbial loop, increasing both new and regenerated production. In cold and rich environments such as the Arctic Ocean, the effect of bacterial adaptation on primary production exceeds the ecophysiological response. Accounting for bacterial adaptation through selection is thus critically needed to improve models and projections of the ocean primary production in a warming world.
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