Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 23, Issue 3, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031410
Keywords
wound healing; cholecalciferol; silver nanoparticles; sphingomyelinase; keratinocytes
Funding
- Interreg Italia-Slovenia programme 2014-2020 Project IMMUNOCLUSTER [CUP G24I190 02700006]
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The combination of vitamin D3 and silver nanoparticles can enhance wound healing, possibly through regulating sphingolipid metabolism and inducing cellular transition.
Vitamin D3, known to regulate bone homeostasis, has recently been shown to have many pleiotropic effects in different tissues and organs due to the presence of its receptor in a wide range of cells. Our previous study demonstrated that vitamin D3 was able to increase the wound healing respect to the control sample, 24 h after cutting, without however leading to a complete repair. The aim of the study was to combine vitamin D3 with silver nanoparticles to possibly enable a faster reparative effect. The results showed that this association was capable of inducing a complete wound healing only after 18 h. Moreover, a treatment of vitamin D3 + silver nanoparticles yielded a small percentage of keratinocytes vimentin-positive, suggesting the possibility that the treatment was responsible for epithelial to mesenchymal transition of the cells, facilitating wound healing repair. Since vitamin D3 acts via sphingolipid metabolism, we studied the expression of gene encoding for the metabolic enzymes and protein level. We found an increase in neutral sphingomyelinase without involvement of neutral ceramidase or sphingosine kinase2. In support, an increase in ceramide level was identified by Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, suggesting a possible involvement of ceramides in wound healing process.
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