Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 21, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111570
Keywords
exosomes; breast cancer; RIBE; invasiveness; EMT; glycosylation
Funding
- higher education ministry of Iraqi Government
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Exosomes play a crucial role in multidirectional communication between tumor cells and their microenvironment, potentially enhancing malignant tumor phenotypes. This study aimed to investigate the bystander effects of ionizing radiation on the invasive potential of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through exosome-mediated communication, highlighting alterations in miRNA and protein content as possible mechanisms for increased invasiveness.
Along with the cells that are exposed to radiation, non-irradiated cells can unveil radiation effects as a result of intercellular communication, which are collectively defined as radiation induced bystander effects (RIBE). Exosome-mediated signalling is one of the core mechanisms responsible for multidirectional communication of tumor cells and their associated microenvironment, which may result in enhancement of malignant tumor phenotypes. Recent studies show that exosomes and exosome-mediated signalling also play a dynamic role in RIBE in cancer cell lines, many of which focused on altered exosome cargo or their effects on DNA damage. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding how these changes in exosome cargo are reflected in other functional characteristics of cancer cells from the aspects of invasiveness and metastasis. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to investigate exosome-mediated bystander effects of 2 Gy X-ray therapeutic dose of ionizing radiation on the invasive potential of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in vitro via assessing Matrigel invasion potential, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics and the extent of glycosylation, as well as underlying plausible molecular mechanisms. The findings show that exosomes derived from irradiated MCF-7 cells enhance invasiveness of bystander MCF-7 cells, possibly through altered miRNA and protein content carried in exosomes.
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