Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042249
Keywords
mast cells; receptors; degranulation; inflammation; allergic response; anti-pathogen defense; tumorigenesis; immunotherapy
Funding
- NCN in Poland ETIUDA6 [2018/28/T/ST4/00511]
- Excellence Initiative-Research University program Biotechmed-2 start project [1820/2/ZO1/POB4/2021]
- NCN in Poland MINIATURA [2018/02/X/NZ7/00727]
- NCN in Poland SONATINA [2019/32/C/NZ7/00156]
- National Institute of Public Health NIH-National Institute of Research grant [BW-3/2022]
- Faculty of Chemistry, WUT, Poland
- Austrian Science Fund doc. funds PhD program Tissue Home
- Austrian Science Fund project Innate Fund [FWF-I3319-B22]
- Centre for AdvancedMaterials and Technologies, WUT, Poland
- grant POB Biotechmed-1 (Excellence Initiative Research University) [504/04496/1020/45.010406]
- COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) [CA 17140]
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Mast cells play important roles in immune responses, including defense against antigens, modulation of inflammation, and immune responses to microorganisms. Controlling mast cell activation or stabilization is crucial for tissue homeostasis and pathogen clearance. Additionally, mast cells contribute to maintaining the balance between host and resident microbiota.
Mast cells (MCs) play important roles in normal immune responses and pathological states. The location of MCs on the boundaries between tissues and the external environment, including gut mucosal surfaces, lungs, skin, and around blood vessels, suggests a multitude of immunological functions. Thus, MCs are pivotal for host defense against different antigens, including allergens and microbial pathogens. MCs can produce and respond to physiological mediators and chemokines to modulate inflammation. As long-lived, tissue-resident cells, MCs indeed mediate acute inflammatory responses such as those evident in allergic reactions. Furthermore, MCs participate in innate and adaptive immune responses to bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The control of MC activation or stabilization is a powerful tool in regulating tissue homeostasis and pathogen clearance. Moreover, MCs contribute to maintaining the homeostatic equilibrium between host and resident microbiota, and they engage in crosstalk between the resident and recruited hematopoietic cells. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the functions of MCs in health and disease. Further, we discuss how mouse models of MC deficiency have become useful tools for establishing MCs as a potential cellular target for treating inflammatory disorders.
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