Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312758
Keywords
liquid-liquid phase separation; membraneless organelles; transcription; nuclear receptors
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Eukaryotic cells are composed of different bio-macromolecules that are divided into compartments called organelles providing optimal microenvironments for many cellular processes. The specific type of organelles is membraneless organelles, formed via liquid-liquid phase separation driven by weak multivalent interactions between specific bio-macromolecules. Intrinsically disordered regions play a key role in this phenomenon.
Eukaryotic cells are composed of different bio-macromolecules that are divided into compartments called organelles providing optimal microenvironments for many cellular processes. A specific type of organelles is membraneless organelles. They are formed via a process called liquid-liquid phase separation that is driven by weak multivalent interactions between particular bio-macromolecules. In this review, we gather crucial information regarding different classes of transcription regulators with the propensity to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation and stress the role of intrinsically disordered regions in this phenomenon. We also discuss recently developed experimental systems for studying formation and properties of membraneless organelles.
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