Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 20, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011160
Keywords
saliva small extracellular vesicles; liquid biopsy; oral squamous cell carcinoma; protein profiling
Funding
- Ministero dell'Istruzione dell'Universita e della Ricerca (MIUR)-PON-AIM Line 1 [AIM1892002]
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This pilot study utilized proteomic and bioinformatic strategies to analyze saliva small extracellular vesicles (S/SEVs) from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, identifying 365 proteins that could potentially serve as novel biomarkers for early OSCC diagnosis. The analysis also revealed specific cluster of enriched functional network terms associated with each group of S/SEVs, indicating their potential value in predicting OSCC.
The early diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is still an investigative challenge. Saliva has been proposed as an ideal diagnostic medium for biomarker detection by mean of liquid biopsy technique. The aim of this pilot study was to apply proteomic and bioinformatic strategies to determine the potential use of saliva small extracellular vesicles (S/SEVs) as a potential tumor biomarker source. Among the twenty-three enrolled patients, 5 were free from diseases (OSCC_FREE), 6 were with OSCC without lymph node metastasis (OSCC_NLNM), and 12 were with OSCC and lymph node metastasis (OSCC_LNM). The S/SEVs from patients of each group were pooled and properly characterized before performing their quantitative proteome comparison based on the SWATH_MS (Sequential Window Acquisition of all Theoretical Mass Spectra) method. The analysis resulted in quantitative information for 365 proteins differentially characterizing the S/SEVs of analyzed clinical conditions. Bioinformatic analysis of the proteomic data highlighted that each S/SEV group was associated with a specific cluster of enriched functional network terms. Our results highlighted that protein cargo of salivary small extracellular vesicles defines a functional signature, thus having potential value as novel predict biomarkers for OSCC.
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