Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042298
Keywords
common buckwheat; in vitro callus induction; in vitro plantlet regeneration; Tartary buckwheat; tissue culture
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This review provides an overview of the development of buckwheat in in vitro culture and discusses the protocols for plant regeneration, callus induction, hairy root culture, and transgenic plants. It also highlights the future prospects and challenges in tissue culture of buckwheat.
Buckwheat is a member of a genus of 23 species, where the two most common species are Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat) and Fagopyrum tataricum (Tartary buckwheat). This pseudocereal is a source of micro and macro nutrients, such as gluten-free proteins and amino acids, fatty acids, bioactive compounds, dietary fibre, fagopyrins, vitamins and minerals. It is gaining increasing attention due to its health-promoting properties. Buckwheat is widely susceptible to in vitro conditions which are used to study plantlet regeneration, callus induction, organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, and the synthesis of phenolic compounds. This review summarises the development of buckwheat in in vitro culture and describes protocols for the regeneration of plantlets from various explants and differing concentrations of plant growth regulators. It also describes callus induction protocols as well as the role of calli in plantlet regeneration. Protocols for establishing hairy root cultures with the use of Agrobacterium rhizogens are useful in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as protocols used for transgenic plants. The review also focuses on the future prospects of buckwheat in tissue culture and the challenges researchers are addressing.
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