Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 22, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413674
Keywords
stem cells; gene therapy; iPSCs; viral vector; non-viral vector; neurodegeneration; pediatric diseases; CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing
Funding
- Fondazione Bambino Gesu (Vite coraggiose)
- Italian Ministry of Health
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Gene therapy traditionally used viral vectors for gene delivery, but recent advances in stem cell and gene therapy fields have revolutionized this approach, particularly with the combination of stem cell replacement therapy and gene editing technology, leading to a new era in gene therapy for neurological disorders.
To date, gene therapy has employed viral vectors to deliver therapeutic genes. However, recent progress in molecular and cell biology has revolutionized the field of stem cells and gene therapy. A few years ago, clinical trials started using stem cell replacement therapy, and the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology combined with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing has launched a new era in gene therapy for the treatment of neurological disorders. Here, we summarize the latest findings in this research field and discuss their clinical applications, emphasizing the relevance of recent studies in the development of innovative stem cell and gene editing therapeutic approaches. Even though tumorigenicity and immunogenicity are existing hurdles, we report how recent progress has tackled them, making engineered stem cell transplantation therapy a realistic option.
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