In Vitro and In Vivo Pharmacological Characterization of a Novel TRPM8 Inhibitor Chemotype Identified by Small-Scale Preclinical Screening

Transient receptor potential melastatin type 8 (TRPM8) is a target for the treatment of different physio-pathological processes. While TRPM8 antagonists are reported as potential drugs for pain, cancer, and inflammation, to date only a limited number of chemotypes have been investigated and thus a limited number of compounds have reached clinical trials. Hence there is high value in searching for new TRPM8 antagonistic to broaden clues to structure-activity relationships, improve pharmacological properties and explore underlying molecular mechanisms. To address this, the EDASA Scientific in-house molecular library has been screened in silico, leading to identifying twenty-one potentially antagonist compounds of TRPM8. Calcium fluorometric assays were used to validate the in-silico hypothesis and assess compound selectivity. Four compounds were identified as selective TRPM8 antagonists, of which two were dual-acting TRPM8/TRPV1 modulators. The most potent TRPM8 antagonists (BB 0322703 and BB 0322720) underwent molecular modelling studies to highlight key structural features responsible for drug-protein interaction. The two compounds were also investigated by patch-clamp assays, confirming low micromolar potencies. The most potent compound (BB 0322703, IC50 1.25 +/- 0.26 mu M) was then profiled in vivo in a cold allodinya model, showing pharmacological efficacy at 30 mu M dose. The new chemotypes identified showed remarkable pharmacological properties paving the way to further investigations for drug discovery and pharmacological purposes.

Automated summary

Transient receptor potential melastatin type 8 (TRPM8) is an important target for treating various physiological and pathological processes. In this study, a total of twenty-one potentially TRPM8 antagonist compounds were identified through in silico screening and validated using calcium fluorometric assays. Four compounds were found to be selective TRPM8 antagonists, with two of them also acting as TRPM8/TRPV1 modulators. The most potent compound (BB 0322703) showed significant pharmacological efficacy in in vivo experiments. These findings provide valuable insights for drug discovery and further pharmacological investigations.