Effect of manifold and port injection of hydrogen and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in dairy scum biodiesel-low energy content gas-fueled CI engine operated on dual fuel mode

In this current work, exhaustive research work is conducted in three phases, in the initial phase, WFO was used for producing WFO treated biomass and in the second phase, influence of PFIP and PFIT has been examined. Further in the successive phase, effect of hydrogen HMI, HPI and EGR on the combustion and emission characteristics of CRDI diesel engine operated on dual-fuel mode using DiSOME and PG combination is evaluated. In the current study, in a CRDI engine, PFIT was employed ranging from 0 to 15 degrees CA bTDC and changed in steps of 5 and PFIP was used from 600 to 1000 bar and varied in successive steps of 200 bar. Further flow rate of hydrogen was kept 8 L/min constant and HMIT was employed in the range from TDC to 15 degrees aTDC and changed in stages of 5. Correspondingly, HID was varied from 30 to 90 degrees CA with 30 degrees CA dwell and EGR was used in the range from 0 to 15% by vol. and varied in steps of 5. Outcome of the work showed that, DiSOME-PG operation with 10 degrees bTDC PFIT, 800 bar PFIP, 10 degrees aTDC of HMI, 60 degrees CAHID and 5% EGR rate showed lower BTE by 5.8% and increased smoke levels by 10.8%, HC by 8.6%, CO by 6.5% and marginally decreased NOx by 6.4% was observed in comparison to the same fuel blend with zero EGR at 80% load. Further, marginally amplifiedID and CD with loweredCP and HRR has been noticed. Study revealed thatH2addition to low calorific value gas (PG), method of pilot fuel addition and EGR is affected dual fuel engine performance, but provided drastic reductions in smoke and NOx emissions. (c) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

In this study, the combustion and emission characteristics of a dual-fuel engine were analyzed under different conditions. The results showed that by adding H2, changing the method of pilot fuel addition, and using EGR, significant reductions in smoke and NOx emissions can be achieved.