Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
Volume 31, Issue 4, Pages 2791-2799Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2015.2450757
Keywords
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs); cascade connections; modular multilevel cascade converters (MMCC); phase-shifted-carrier pulsewidth modulation (PWM); zero-voltage-ride-through (ZVRT) capability
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Funding
- Japan Society for Promotion of Science [21246045]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21246045] Funding Source: KAKEN
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This paper provides a theoretical and experimental discussion about the performance, availability, and flexibility of a battery energy storage system (BESS) using a modular multi-level cascaded converter based on single-star bridge cells (MMCC-SSBC). The SSBC-based BESS produces three-phase multilevel voltage waveforms, and eliminates both harmonic filters and a complicated zig-zag transformer from the ac side. The circuit modularity of the SSBC enables the usage of multiple individual low-voltage battery modules. Along with control strategy based on zero-sequence-voltage injection, this modularity enhances the availability and flexibility of the BESS. A three-phase laboratory downscaled system rated at 140 V, 10 kW, and 21 kW.h is designed, constructed, and tested to verify the operating principles and performance. The tested BESS produces a current total harmonic distortion (THD) of 3.0% even when it operates with different active-power commands for individual bridge cells. In addition, zero-voltage ride-through capability is verified for the severest single-phase, two-phase, and three-phase voltage sags. Mathematical analysis and experimental verification validate the downscaled system and performance, making the BESS prospective.
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