Journal
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
Volume 101, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108188
Keywords
MicroRNA-155; Viral infections; Antiviral immunity; T cells; Pathogenesis
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MiR-155 plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses during viral infections, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. Proper regulation of miR-155 expression is essential for an effective anti-virus immune response and viral clearance.
The microRNA, miR-155 regulates both adaptive and innate immune responses. In viral infections, miR-155 can affect both innate immunity (interferon response, natural killer cell activity, and macrophage polarization) and adaptive immunity (including generation of anti-viral antibodies, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, Th17, Th2, Th1, Tfh and Treg cells). In many viral infections, the proper and timely regulation of miR-155 expression is critical for the induction of an effective anti-virus immune response and viral clearance without any harmful immunopathologic consequences. MiR-155 may also exert pro-viral effects, mainly through the inhibition of the anti-viral interferon response. Thus, dysregulated expression of miR-155 can result in virus persistence and disruption of the normal response to viral infections. This review provides a thorough discussion of the role of miR-155 in immune responses and immunopathologic reactions during viral infections, and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target.
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