Nanofluid heat transfer within a pipe equipped with external device

In this simulation, augmentation of turbulent intensity due to install of corrugated tapes has been scrutinized. To involve the unfavorable effect of turbulator both irreversibility and Darcy factor were investigated. Low concentration of nano sized powders allows us employing the uniform fraction inside the tube. The new fluid has properties better than water in view of thermal characteristics. Sgen,f and Sgen,th augment about 97.8% and 18.2% with rise of BR from 0.25 to 0.5 when PR = 1.693. As BR rises from 0.25 to 0.75, S-gen,S-f and S-gen,S-th rises 224.2% and 155.3% when PR = 1.693. At BR = 0.75, growth of PR results in reduce of Sgen,f and Sgen,th about 7.58% and 75.6%, respectively. Both geometric parameters have same impacts on Nu and f. Although augment of BR results in 61.5% augmentation in backward difference del P, Nu augments about 18.3% as BR changes from 0.25 to 0.75 when PR = 1.693. To reach 8.76% augmentation in Nu when BR = 0.75, PR should be decreased from 1.693 to 0.56433. Also, same change can augment the Darcy factor about 27.9%.

Automated summary

This study investigates the augmentation of turbulent intensity due to the installation of corrugated tapes, showing that the new fluid has better thermal characteristics than water. The parameters Sgen,f and Sgen,th are greatly affected by different variables, including irreversibility and Darcy factor.