Journal
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 137, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103639
Keywords
Auxin; Indole-3-acetic acid; Gall; Biosynthesis; Insect; Sawfly
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Funding
- JSPS KAKENHI [18H02141]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [18H02141] Funding Source: KAKEN
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PonAAS2, an aromatic aldehyde synthase, plays a key role in the biosynthesis of IAA in galling sawfly, with high expression levels in early and mid-stage larvae. Inhibiting PonAAS2 can significantly reduce IAA production in sawfly enzymes, highlighting the enzyme's important role in IAA biosynthesis in sawfly.
Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a phytohormone auxin, may be involved in insect gall induction. We previously proposed that the IAA biosynthetic pathway is Trp -> indole-3-acetaldoxime -> indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld) -> IAA or Trp -> IAAld -> IAA. In this study, we surveyed galling sawfly enzymes responsible for the rate-limiting steps using a heterologous protein expression system and identified PonAAS2, an aromatic aldehyde synthase, that catalyzed the conversion of Trp to IAAld. The PonAAS2 gene was highly expressed in early- and mid-stage larvae that contained high concentrations of IAA, but the expression level was almost negligible in larvae that had escaped from their gall in autumn and contained very low concentrations of IAA. An inhibitor of PonAAS2, obtained by screening a chemical library, inhibited IAA production in sawfly enzyme solution by 80%, suggesting the important role of this enzyme in IAA biosynthesis in sawfly.
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