Journal
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Volume 60, Issue 23, Pages 18199-18204Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02839
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52071237, 12074290, 51871169, 51671148, 11674251, 51601132, 52101021, 12104345]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20191187]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2042019kf0190]
- T e c h n o l o g y P r o g r a m o f S h e n z h e n [JCYJ20190808150407522]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019M652685]
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Using in situ transmission electron microscopy, phase instability in potassium tungsten bronze induced by heating was investigated, revealing multiple phase transition pathways and the critical role of cationic defects in mediating crystal structures, providing design reference for high-temperature applications.
Applying in situ transmission electron microscopy, the phase instability in potassium tungsten bronze (KxWO3, 0.18 < x < 0.57) induced by heating was investigated. The atomistic phase transition pathway of monoclinic K0.20WO3 -> hexagonal KmWO3 (0.18 < m < 0.20) -> cubic WO3 induced by cationic defects (K and W vacancies) was directly revealed. Unexpectedly, a K+-rich tetragonal KnWO3 (0.40 < n < 0.57) phase would nucleate as well, which may result from the blockage of K+ diffusion at the grain boundaries. Our results point out the critical role of the cationic defects in mediating the crystal structures in KxWO3, which provide reference to rational structural design for extensive high-temperature applications.
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