4.7 Article

Adaptive Beam Design for V2I Communications Using Vehicle Tracking With Extended Kalman Filter

Journal

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
Volume 71, Issue 1, Pages 489-502

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2021.3127696

Keywords

Array signal processing; Tracking; Vehicle-to-infrastructure; Wireless networks; Kalman filters; Uplink; Signal to noise ratio; Vehicle tracking; vehicular mobility; extended Kalman filter; millimeter wave V2I communications

Funding

  1. Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) - Korea government (MSIT) [2019-0-01360]
  2. National Research Foundation of Korea - Korea government (MSIT) [NRF-2021R1F1A1055660]

Ask authors/readers for more resources

“Vehicle-to-everything communication system” can improve driving experience and automotive safety by connecting vehicles to wireless networks. This paper presents an extended Kalman filter (EKF)-based vehicle tracking algorithm for reliable wireless connections. By designing a beamforming codebook considering road conditions and RSU, a service quality similar to conventional cellular services can be achieved.
Vehicle-to-everything communication system is a strong candidate for improving the driving experience and automotive safety by linking vehicles to wireless networks. To take advantage of the full benefits of vehicle connectivity, it is essential to ensure a stable network connection between roadside unit (RSU) and fast-moving vehicles. Based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF), we develop a vehicle tracking algorithm to enable reliable radio connections. For the vehicle tracking algorithm, we focus on estimating the rapid changes in the beam direction of a high-mobility vehicle while reducing the feedback overhead. Furthermore, we design a beamforming codebook that considers the road layout and RSU. By leveraging the proposed beamforming codebook, vehicles on the road can expect a service quality similar to that of conventional cellular services. Finally, a beamformer selection algorithm is developed to secure sufficient gain for the system's link budget. Numerical results verify that the EKF-based vehicle tracking algorithm and the proposed beamforming structure are more suitable for vehicle-to-infrastructure networks compared to existing schemes.

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