Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
Volume 69, Issue 12, Pages 13394-13404Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2022.3144590
Keywords
Battery; firm frequency response (FFR); hybrid energy storage system (HESS); supercapacitor (SC); variable voltage control
Categories
Funding
- Nature Science Foundation of China [52172354]
- China Association for Science and Technology Youth Talent Promotion Project
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This paper proposes a new variable voltage control within a semiactive battery SC hybrid scheme for FFR service, aiming to improve the SC use ratio while reducing the converter's cost.
The National Grid in the U.K. proposed the firm frequency response (FFR) documents on recent developments regarding tendering options for active balancing mechanism units, specifically for batteries. However, frequent bipolar converting and instantaneous high power demand challenge battery lifetime and operation cost in the FFR. Combining a battery with a supercapacitor (SC) has several advantages, but the system cost may rise. Targeting the FFR service, this article presents a new variable voltage control within a semiactive battery SC hybrid scheme. In the proposed hybrid energy storage system, the dc bus voltage is controllable to improve the SC use ratio while reducing the converter's cost. A power management strategy integrating fuzzy logic with dynamic filtering method is proposed benefiting in broadening the filtering flexibility while reducing battery degradation. In addition, both the long-term simulations and scaled-down experiments are implemented to verify the proposed topology with the control strategy and power management by quantitative comparisons of battery degradations and SC use ratios.
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