Non-Linear Model and Parameter Extraction for Charge/Discharge Behavior of Valve Regulated Lead-Acid Battery

A dynamic model of a battery is required for the appropriate real-time control during charging/discharging process. Present paper considers the development of nonlinear Dynamic Equivalent Electric Circuit Model (DEECM) of a Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) battery based on the data obtained through the experimentation and the available datasheet information. Cases of charging, discharging, and the self-discharging are considered for 12V,26Ah VRLA battery at room temperature. Accordingly, experimental v - i characteristics of the battery are used to express the nonlinear model parameters as a function of measurable battery current and estimated open-circuit voltage as a part of parameter estimation. Further model is validated through voltage response test with maximum error of 0.4% during discharging and 0.7% during charging under different current levels.

Automated summary

This study developed a nonlinear Dynamic Equivalent Electric Circuit Model (DEECM) of a Valve Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) battery based on experimental data and datasheet information. The model parameters were estimated using battery current and open-circuit voltage, with a maximum error of 0.4% during discharging and 0.7% during charging.