Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS
Volume 69, Issue 4, Pages 1820-1831Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TCSI.2021.3139708
Keywords
Capacitors; Voltage measurement; Real-time systems; Monitoring; Video recording; Power measurement; Perturbation methods; Continuously scalable-conversion-ratio (CSCR); switched capacitor (SC) dc-dc converter; maximum power point tracking (MPPT); step-up; down converter; energy harvesting
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Funding
- National Research Foundation (NRF) [2020M3F3A2A01085756]
- Ministry of Science and ICT [IITP-2020-0-01821]
- Samsung Electronics
- IC Design Education Center (IDEC), Korea
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2020M3F3A2A01085756] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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This paper introduces an energy-harvesting interface that combines a continuously scalable-conversion-ratio switched-capacitor dc-dc converter with maximum power point tracking. By utilizing the unique characteristics of the converter, real-time power monitoring and variation-tolerant MPPT for various energy sources are achieved. The voltage range is extended by a step-up/down convertible converter, and the efficiency is improved with matrix-structured and load-mapped power switches. The test chip shows high peak conversion efficiency and average efficiency, and the MPPT efficiency is confirmed with a solar cell.
An energy-harvesting interface that incorporates a continuously scalable-conversion-ratio (CSCR) switched-capacitor (SC) dc-dc converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is introduced in this paper. By exploiting unique characteristics of a CSCR SC converter, an MPPT based on the hill climbing algorithm is implemented with a real-time power monitoring scheme with a frequency-mapped sampling capacitor DAC, allowing variation-tolerant MPPT for various types of energy sources. The harvestable voltage range is significantly extended by a step-up/down convertible CSCR SC converter, and the voltage conversion efficiency is further improved with matrix-structured and load-mapped power switches. With the test chip fabricated in 28nm FDSOI technology, the proposed energy harvesting interface shows peak conversion efficiency of 89% and average efficiency of > 80% for 60-2,794 mu W. MPPT efficiency of > 97 % is confirmed with energy harvesting measurement with a solar cell.
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