Journal
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
Volume 43, Issue 6, Pages 1868-1881Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25760
Keywords
aperiodic spectral component; cortical plasticity; escitalopram; excitation-inhibition balance; resting-state electroencephalography; sex hormones
Funding
- Branco Weiss Fellowship-Society in Science
- National Association for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression (NARSAD) [25032]
- Minerva Research Group Grant-Max Planck Society
- Doctoral Scholarship-FAZIT Foundation
- Fellowship-Joachim Herz Foundation
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This study demonstrates the potential for the 1/f slope to predict individual cortical responsivity to SSRIs in the healthy human brain, thereby providing a wider understanding of the human brain.
Neural health relies on cortical excitation-inhibition balance (EIB). Previous research suggests a link between increased cortical excitation and neuroplasticity induced by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Whether there are modulations of EIB following SSRI-administration in the healthy human brain, however, remains unclear. Thus, in a randomized double-blind study, we administered a clinically relevant dose of 20 mg escitalopram for 7 days (time when steady state is achieved) in 59 healthy women (28 escitalopram, 31 placebo) on oral contraceptives. We acquired resting-state electroencephalography data at baseline, after a single dose, and at steady state. We assessed 1/f slope of the power spectrum as a marker of EIB, compared individual trajectories of 1/f slope changes contrasting single dose and 1-week drug intake, and tested the relationship of escitalopram plasma levels and cortical excitatory and inhibitory balance shifts. Escitalopram-intake was associated with decreased 1/f slope, indicating an EIB shift in favor of excitation. Furthermore, 1/f slope at baseline and after a single dose of escitalopram was associated with 1/f slope at steady state. Higher plasma escitalopram levels at a single dose were associated with better maintenance of these EIB changes throughout the drug administration week. These findings demonstrate the potential for 1/f slope to predict individual cortical responsivity to SSRIs and widen the lens through which we map the human brain by testing an interventional psychopharmacological design in a clearly defined endocrinological state.
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