Journal
FUTURE VIROLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 49-66Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0170
Keywords
COVID-19; DNA; DNA vaccines; nucleic acid vaccines; SARS-CoV-2; vaccines
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Funding
- Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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This article provides an overview of DNA vaccines, covering design strategies, industrial production issues, immunogenicity enhancement, delivery methods, COVID-19 trials, and advantages and obstacles of DNA vaccines.
This article provides a brief overview of DNA vaccines. First, the basic DNA vaccine design strategies are described, then specific issues related to the industrial production of DNA vaccines are discussed, including the production and purification of DNA products such as plasmid DNA, minicircle DNA, minimalistic, immunologically defined gene expression (MIDGE) and Doggybone (TM). The use of adjuvants to enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines is then discussed. In addition, different delivery routes and several physical and chemical methods to increase the efficacy of DNA delivery into cells are explained. Recent preclinical and clinical trials of DNA vaccines for COVID-19 are then summarized. Lastly, the advantages and obstacles of DNA vaccines are discussed.
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