Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
Volume 12, Issue 2, Pages 788-800Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TII.2015.2411231
Keywords
Energy efficiency; energy hole; network lifetime; routing; wireless sensor network (WSN)
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Funding
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China [2013DFB10070]
- China Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Program [2012GK4106]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61379110, 61272149]
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2014CB046305]
- Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Canada
- China Scholarship Council
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Network lifetime is a crucial performance metric to evaluate data-gathering wireless sensor networks (WSNs) where battery-powered sensor nodes periodically sense the environment and forward collected samples to a sink node. In this paper, we propose an analytic model to estimate the entire network lifetime from network initialization until it is completely disabled, and determine the boundary of energy hole in a data-gathering WSN. Specifically, we theoretically estimate the traffic load, energy consumption, and lifetime of sensor nodes during the entire network lifetime. Furthermore, we investigate the temporal and spatial evolution of energy hole and apply our analytical results to WSN routing in order to balance the energy consumption and improve the network lifetime. Extensive simulation results are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed analytic model in estimating the network lifetime and energy hole evolution process.
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