Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
Volume 12, Issue 1, Pages 437-447Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TII.2015.2414354
Keywords
Distributed power generation; energy storage; reactive power control; virtual power plant (VPP)
Categories
Funding
- joint development project at High Voltage Valley
- Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems
- European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) InnoEnergy project [TII-14-0151.R3]
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This paper assesses the communication, information, and functional requirements of virtual power plants (VPPs). A conceptual formulation of the interoperability requirements, as well as a comparative study of their fulfillment by state-of-the-art communication techniques, is presented. VPP requirements are then mapped against services and information models of IEC 61850 and common information model (CIM) power utility automation standards. Proposals are given for extensions of the IEC 61850 standard to enhance the interaction between the VPP controller and the distributed energy resources. Finally, the methodology and concepts are applied to a specific VPP consisting of hydro and wind plants, solar photovoltaic (PV) power, and storage facilities. Several applications to provide grid services from the proposed VPP in an existing 50-kV grid are covered. The implementation of the VPP communication and control architecture in the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) of demonstration plant is also presented.
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