Improving cardiovascular magnetic resonance access in low- and middle-income countries for cardiomyopathy assessment: rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance

Aims To evaluate the impact of a simplified, rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol embedded in care and supported by a partner education programme on the management of cardiomyopathy (CMP) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods and results Rapid CMR focused particularly on CMP was implemented in 11 centres, 7 cities, 5 countries, and 3 continents linked to training courses for local professionals. Patients were followed up for 24 months to assess impact. The rate of subsequent adoption was tracked. Five CMR conferences were delivered (920 attendees-potential referrers, radiographers, reporting cardiologists, or radiologists) and five new centres starting CMR. Six hundred and one patients were scanned. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance indications were 24% non-contrast T2* scans [myocardial iron overload (MIO)] and 72% suspected/known cardiomyopathies (including ischaemic and viability). Ninety-eighty per cent of studies were of diagnostic quality. The average scan time was 22 +/- 6 min (contrast) and 12 +/- 4 min (non-contrast), a potential cost/throughput reduction of between 30 and 60%. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings impacted management in 62%, including a new diagnosis in 22% and MIO detected in 30% of non-contrast scans. Nine centres continued using rapid CMR 2 years later (typically 1-2 days per week, 30 min slots). Conclusions Rapid CMR of diagnostic quality can be delivered using available technology in LMICs. When embedded in care and a training programme, costs are lower, care is improved, and services can be sustained over time. Key question Can cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) be delivered with a simplified and rapid core protocol in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with available technology? Can rapid CMR improve patient's care if embedded with a training programme for local professionals in LMICs and incorporated into clinical care? Key finding Five CMR conferences (920 attendees), 11 scanning centres, 7 cities, 5 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Scanning time: 22 min (contrast) and 12 min (non-contrast). Cost reduction: 30-60%. CMR findings impacted management in 62% of patients. Take-home message Rapid CMR can be provided quickly and cheaply with diagnostic quality in LMICs. When embedded in an education programme, this improves patient care and can be sustainable.

Automated summary

This study evaluated the impact of a simplified, rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) protocol on the management of cardiomyopathy (CMP) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The results showed that rapid CMR of diagnostic quality can be delivered with lower costs and improved patient care when embedded in care and supported by a partner education programme. The findings suggest that CMR can be an effective tool for managing CMP in LMICs with available technology.