4.7 Article

Characterization of TiO2 and an as-prepared TiO2/SiO2 composite and their photocatalytic performance for the reduction of low-concentration N-NO3- in water

Journal

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
Volume 29, Issue 27, Pages 40585-40598

Publisher

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18793-z

Keywords

Low-concentration N-NO3-; TiO2; TiO2/SiO2; Photocatalysis; Reduction reaction; Nitrogen conversion rate

Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation [U1906219]
  2. Shandong Province major scientific and technological innovation project [2019JZZY010723]
  3. Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province [ZR2020MB087]

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Excessive N-NO3- water pollution is a widespread and serious problem that poses threats to human and ecosystem health. TiO2/SiO2 composite photocatalyst has shown promising photocatalytic performance in reducing low nitrate concentrations, and optimization of reaction conditions can further enhance the removal rate.
Excessive N-NO3- water pollution has become a widespread and serious problem that threatens human and ecosystem health. Here, a TiO2/SiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared via the sol-gel/hydrothermal method. TiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Afterward, the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 to reduce low nitrate concentrations (30 mgN L-1) under UV light was evaluated and the effects of different factors on this process were investigated, after which the reaction conditions were optimized. Removal rates of up to 99.93% were achieved at a hole scavenger (formic acid) concentration of 0.6 mL( )L(-1), a CO2 flow rate of 0.1 m(3) h(-1), and a TiO2 concentration of 0.9 g L-1. In contrast, TiO2/SiO2 at a 1.4 g L-1 concentration and a TiO2 load rate of 40% achieved a removal rate of 83.48%, but with more than 98% of nitrogen generation rate. NO2- and NH4+ were the minor products, whereas N-2 was the main product.

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