Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Volume 288, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117819
Keywords
Karst river; Antibiotics; Carbon fixation; Carbonic anhydrase; Environmental adaption
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41731282]
- Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities [2652019077]
- Science and Technology Program of Tibet Autonomous Region [XZ201901NB06]
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This study delves into the microbiome of a karst river contaminated with antibiotics, revealing the diversity of carbon fixation pathways in different ecological clusters and their correlation with antibiotics. Long-term antibiotic contamination alters microbial ecological adaptation strategies, with carbon sequestration functions playing a significant role in regulating environmental factors and microbial networks.
Karst ecosystems make an important contribution to the global carbon cycle, in which carbon-fixing microorganisms play a vital role. However, the healthy functioning of karst ecosystems is threatened because pollutants easily diffuse and spread through them due to their strong hydraulic connectivity. The microbiome of a karst river contaminated with antibiotics was studied. Through co-occurrence network analysis, six ecological clusters (MOD 1-MOD 6) with different distribution characteristics were determined, of which four were significantly correlated with antibiotics. The carbon fixation pathways in different ecological clusters were varied, and the dominant hydroxypropionate-hydroxybutyrate cycle and reductive acetyl-CoA pathway were negatively and positively correlated with antibiotics, respectively. Long-term antibiotic contamination altered the selection of carbonic anhydrase (CA) encoding genes in some of the CA-producing mineralization microorganisms. The selection of different carbon fixation pathways is a possible strategy for the microbial community to compensate for the adaptation costs associated with the pressure of antibiotics contamination and emergence of antibiotics resistance. Bayesian network analysis revealed that some carbon sequestration functions (such as beta-CA and reductive acetyl-CoA pathway) surpassed certain antibiotic resistance genes in the regulation of environmental factors and microbial networks. An ecological cluster (MODS) that possibly homologous to antibiotic contamination was the final node of the microbial community in karst river, which indicated that ecological clusters were not only selected by antibiotics, but were also regulated by multiple environmental factors in the karst river system. The carbon sequestration pathway was more directly reflected in the abundance of ecological groups than in the influence of CA. This study provides new insights into the feedback effect of karst system on typical pollutants generated from human activities.
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