Landauer's Principle a Consequence of Bit Flows, Given Stirling's Approximation

According to Landauer's principle, at least kBln2T Joules are needed to erase a bit that stores information in a thermodynamic system at temperature T. However, the arguments for the principle rely on a regime where the equipartition principle holds. This paper, by exploring a simple model of a thermodynamic system using algorithmic information theory, shows the energy cost of transferring a bit, or restoring the original state, is kBln2T Joules for a reversible system. The principle is a direct consequence of the statistics required to allocate energy between stored energy states and thermal states, and applies outside the validity of the equipartition principle. As the thermodynamic entropy of a system coincides with the algorithmic entropy of a typical state specifying the momentum degrees of freedom, it can quantify the thermodynamic requirements in terms of bit flows to maintain a system distant from the equilibrium set of states. The approach offers a simple conceptual understanding of entropy, while avoiding problems with the statistical mechanic's approach to the second law of thermodynamics. Furthermore, the classical articulation of the principle can be used to derive the low temperature heat capacities, and is consistent with the quantum version of the principle.

Automated summary

The paper explores a thermodynamic system model using algorithmic information theory, showing that transferring a bit or restoring the original state in a reversible system requires an energy cost of kBln2T Joules. The principle is derived from the statistics of energy allocation and is applicable beyond the regime where the equipartition principle holds, quantifying the thermodynamic requirements to maintain a system away from equilibrium.