Journal
ENERGY
Volume 235, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121298
Keywords
Pre-chamber; Natural gas; Heavy-duty engine; Lean combustion
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Energy Agency [22485-4]
- Scania
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Active pre-chamber configurations are considered a valuable solution for improving the operation of internal combustion engines, especially when combined with natural gas as a fuel. Testing different pre-chamber nozzles in a stationary engine revealed varying performance under different operating conditions, with analysis of combustion characteristics used to evaluate engine performance.
Active pre-chamber configurations are considered a valuable solution for improving the operation of the internal combustion engine, in the view to overcome the many challenges it has been made to face. Combining this technology with the use of natural gas, a fuel that has increasing availability and interest in the market share, it is possible to burn ultra-lean mixtures (with air-to-fuel ratios, lambda greater than 1.5) delivering reduced emissions and fuel consumption, without compromising efficiency and stability requirements. In this work three pre-chamber nozzles differing for the orifice diameter were tested in a stationary heavy-duty 6-cylinder engine (originally a compression ignition) converted to work with a single cylinder and spark ignition operated. An extensive test matrix was carried to perform spark timing, global lambda and load target sweeps in order to assess the behaviour of the three nozzles with respect to the changing operating conditions. Analysis of in-cylinder pressure traces and heat release rate have allowed to unveil the characteristics of the combustion phasing starting from the pre-chamber to the development in the main chamber, relating these to the performance of the engine in terms of emissions, efficiency and stability. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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