ImmunoPET imaging of hematological malignancies: From preclinical promise to clinical reality

Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) imaging is a paradigm-shifting imaging technique for whole-body and all-lesion tumor detection, based on the combined specificity of tumor-targeting vectors [e.g., monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), nanobodies, and bispecific antibodies] and the sensitivity of PET imaging. By noninvasively, comprehensively, and serially revealing heterogeneous tumor antigen expression, immunoPET imaging is gradually improving the theranostic prospects for hematological malignancies. In this review, we summarize the available literature regarding immunoPET in imaging hematological malignancies. We also highlight the pros and cons of current conjugation strategies, and modular chemistry that can be leveraged to develop novel immunoPET probes for hematological malignancies. Lastly, we discuss the use of immunoPET imaging in guiding antibody drug development.

Automated summary

Immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) imaging is a revolutionary tumor detection technique that combines the specificity of tumor-targeting vectors and the sensitivity of PET imaging to comprehensively reveal tumor antigen expression. This review summarizes the use of immunoPET in imaging hematological malignancies and discusses the current conjugation strategies and the potential of modular chemistry for developing novel immunoPET probes. Additionally, the use of immunoPET imaging in guiding antibody drug development is also discussed.