4.5 Review

Polyphenols and Stem Cells for Neuroregeneration in Parkinson's Disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Journal

CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
Volume 28, Issue 10, Pages 806-828

Publisher

BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666211115154450

Keywords

Neurodegenerative diseases; stem cell; neurodegeneration; polyphenols; neuroregeneration; therapeutics

Funding

  1. Lady Tata Memorial Trust Young Scientist Grant, Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), New Delhi [EMR/2016/001933]
  2. Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi [BT/PR15819/MED/31/322/2015]
  3. CSIR Network Projects [BSC-0115, BSC-0111]
  4. Department of Biotechnology, National Bioscience Award Research grant [BT/HRD/NBA/38/07/2018]

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This review provides an overview of the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and focuses on the recent advances in using dietary polyphenols and stem cell therapies to slow down neurodegeneration. Both polyphenols and stem cells exhibit potential neuroprotection through modulation of signal transduction pathways and growth factor levels.
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are neurological disorders pathologically characterized by chronic degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons, respectively. There is still no cure or effective treatment against the disease progression and most of the treatments are symptomatic. The present review offers an overview of the different factors involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Subsequently, we focused on the recent advanced studies of dietary polyphenols and stem cell therapies, which have made it possible to slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. To date, stem cells and different polyphenols have been used for the directional induction of neural stem cells into dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons. We have also discussed their involvement in the modulation of different signal transduction pathways and growth factor levels in various in vivo and in vitro studies. Likewise stem cells, polyphenols also exhibit the potential of neuroprotection by their anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties regulating the growth factors levels and molecular signaling events. Overall this review provides a detailed insight into recent strategies that promise the use of polyphenol with stem cell therapy for the possible treatment of PD and ALS.

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