Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 64, Issue -, Pages 133-138Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.09.009
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Funding
- Norwegian Research Council [275672]
- National Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/T008083/1]
- GW4+ Doctoral Training Partnership [NE/S007504/1]
- NERC [NE/T008083/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Natural transformation is a process where bacterial cells actively uptake free DNA and recombine it, potentially playing a more significant role in disseminating resistance genes than commonly recognized in diverse microbiomes and polluted environments.
Natural transformation is a process where bacterial cells actively take up free DNA from the environment and recombine it into their genome or reconvert it into extra-chromosomal genetic elements. Although this mechanism is known to mediate the uptake of antibiotic resistance determinants in a range of human pathogens, its importance in the spread of antimicrobial resistance is not always appreciated. This review highlights the context in which transformation takes place: in diverse microbiomes, in interaction with other forms of horizontal gene transfer and in increasingly polluted environments. This examination of the abiotic and biotic drivers of transformation reveals that it could be more important in the dissemination of resistance genes than is often recognised.
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