T follicular helper cells and their impact on humoral responses during pathogen and vaccine challenge

Letter Immunology

CXCR5-CXCL13 axis markers in full-term and preterm human neonates in the first weeks of life

Carlo Pietrasanta et al.

Summary: Term and preterm neonates have very few circulating Tfh-like cells, suggesting a naive phenotype, with weak signs of GC activity.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

Modulating the quantity of HIV Env-specific CD4 T cell help promotes rare B cell responses in germinal centers

Jeong Hyun Lee et al.

Summary: The quantity of CD4 T cell help has been found to influence recruitment and competition of broadly neutralizing antibody precursor B cells in response to Env trimer immunization. This finding is crucial for designing vaccines against diseases of high interest.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection

Jennifer M. Dan et al.

Summary: Different components of immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 exhibit distinct kinetics, with antibodies and spike-specific memory B cells remaining relatively stable over 6 months, while CD4(+) T cells and CD8(+) T cells declining with a half-life of 3 to 5 months after infection.

SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 induces robust germinal center CD4 T follicular helper cell responses in rhesus macaques

Yashavanth Shaan Lakshmanappa et al.

Summary: Induction of CD4 T follicular helper (Tfh) cells is crucial for antibody responses to viral infections, as shown in a rhesus macaque model of mild COVID-19 where SARS-CoV-2 infection resulted in transient accumulation of proliferating Tfh cells with a Th1 profile in peripheral blood and the generation of germinal center Tfh cells specific for viral proteins.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Microbiology

Spike-specific circulating T follicular helper cell and cross-neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19-convalescent individuals

Jian Zhang et al.

Summary: COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2, and the majority of convalescent individuals maintain neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Those who experienced severe COVID-19 had higher levels of neutralizing antibodies, a faster increase in lymphocyte counts, and a higher frequency of CXCR3(+) T-follicular help cells.

NATURE MICROBIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

T resident helper cells promote humoral responses in the lung

Nivedya Swarnalekha et al.

Summary: Following influenza infection, long-lived T-RH cells are established in the lung, dependent on B cells in iBALT, for rapid response to subsequent infections. Deletion of Bcl6 in CD4(+) T cells results in redistribution of T cells and impaired local antibody production.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Immunogenicity of prime-boost protein subunit vaccine strategies against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and macaques

Hyon-Xhi Tan et al.

Summary: The study compared the immunogenicity of spike proteins (S) and receptor binding domain (RBD) in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in mice and macaques, finding that S was highly immunogenic in mice while RBD was comparatively poor. Both S and RBD vaccines were similarly immunogenic in macaques, inducing serological neutralising activity exceeding convalescent human levels.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Evolution of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in mild-moderate COVID-19

Adam K. Wheatley et al.

Summary: The durability of infection-induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity has major implications for reinfection and vaccine development. Antibody, B cell, and T cell responses decline over the first 4 months post-infection, while S-specific IgG(+) memory B cells consistently accumulate. The study suggests that natural infection may only provide transient protection at a population level, highlighting the need for more immunogenic and durable vaccines.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Biology

Impaired HA-specific T follicular helper cell and antibody responses to influenza vaccination are linked to inflammation in humans

Danika L. Hill et al.

Summary: Research has shown that the formation of circulating T follicular helper cells is associated with high-titre antibody responses following influenza vaccination, but this differentiation is impaired in older people. Strategies to temporarily suppress inflammation at vaccination may enhance antibody generation in older individuals.

ELIFE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Immune cellular networks underlying recovery from influenza virus infection in acute hospitalized patients

Thi H. O. Nguyen et al.

Summary: The study investigates immune responses in influenza patients and finds correlations between influenza disease severity and changes in cytokines, antibody responses, and T cell numbers. Additionally, the study characterizes immune cellular networks underlying recovery from influenza infection, providing insights relevant to other infectious diseases. Comparisons between severe influenza infection and vaccinated cohorts aim to understand correlates of severe influenza disease.

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS (2021)

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Article Immunology

Rapid induction of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells is associated with coordinated humoral and cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination

Mark M. Painter et al.

Summary: The study found that after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination, CD4(+) T cell responses in naïve individuals were fast, while CD8(+) T cell responses developed gradually. Th1 and Tfh cell responses after the first dose were correlated with post-boost CD8(+) T cells and neutralizing antibodies.

IMMUNITY (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce persistent human germinal centre responses

Jackson S. Turner et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce a persistent germinal centre B cell response in humans, leading to the generation of robust humoral immunity, especially more significant in individuals previously infected with the virus.

NATURE (2021)

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Review Immunology

CD4+T cells that help B cells - a proposal for uniform nomenclature

Stephanie C. Eisenbarth et al.

Summary: Tfh and Tfh-like cells guide B cell differentiation in secondary lymphoid tissues, playing essential roles in humoral immunity. They produce diverse combinations of cytokines and chemokine receptors to promote the generation of antibodies with different properties.

TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Immunology

SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immunity persists through 9 months irrespective of COVID-19 severity at hospitalisation

John Tyler Sandberg et al.

Summary: The study observed an increase in germinal centre activity, substantial expansion of antibody-secreting cells, and generation of neutralizing antibodies during acute COVID-19. Despite decreasing antibody levels, persistent neutralizing antibody titres and specific memory B cell responses along with polyfunctional T cell responses were still observed at 5 and 9 months after symptom onset in both moderate and severe COVID-19 patients.

CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY (2021)

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Article Cell Biology

Immune system development varies according to age, location, and anemia in African children

Danika L. Hill et al.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Cell Biology

CD4+ T Follicular Helper Cells in Human Tonsils and Blood Are Clonally Convergent but Divergent from Non-Tfh CD4+ Cells

Elena Brenna et al.

CELL REPORTS (2020)

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Article Biology

Rejuvenating conventional dendritic cells and T follicular helper cell formation after vaccination

Marisa Stebegg et al.

ELIFE (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Loss of Bcl-6-Expressing T Follicular Helper Cells and Germinal Centers in COVID-19

Naoki Kaneko et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Antigen-Specific Adaptive Immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in Acute COVID-19 and Associations with Age and Disease Severity

Carolyn Rydyznski Moderbacher et al.

CELL (2020)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Humoral and circulating follicular helper T cell responses in recovered patients with COVID-19

Jennifer A. Juno et al.

NATURE MEDICINE (2020)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Human germinal centres engage memory and naive B cells after influenza vaccination

Jackson S. Turner et al.

NATURE (2020)

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Article Immunology

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines Foster Potent Antigen-Specific Germinal Center Responses Associated with Neutralizing Antibody Generation

Katlyn Lederer et al.

IMMUNITY (2020)

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Article Immunology

Dynamic changes in circulating T follicular helper cell composition predict neutralising antibody responses after yellow fever vaccination

Johanna E. Huber et al.

CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY (2020)

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Review Immunology

T Follicular Helper Cell Biology: A Decade of Discovery and Diseases

Shane Crotty

IMMUNITY (2019)

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Article Immunology

The adjuvant GLA-SE promotes human Tfh cell expansion and emergence of public TCRβ clonotypes

Danika L. Hill et al.

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE (2019)

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Article Cell Biology

Rapid Germinal Center and Antibody Responses in Non-human Primates after a Single Nanoparticle Vaccine Immunization

Colin Havenar-Daughton et al.

CELL REPORTS (2019)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Subdominance and poor intrinsic immunogenicity limit humoral immunity targeting influenza HA stem

Hyon-Xhi Tan et al.

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION (2019)

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Article Immunology

Human Extrafollicular CD4+ Th Cells Help Memory B Cells Produce Igs

Sang Taek Kim et al.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2018)

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Article Cell Biology

Circulating TFH cells, serological memory, and tissue compartmentalization shape human influenza-specific B cell immunity

Marios Koutsakos et al.

SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE (2018)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Pathologically expanded peripheral T helper cell subset drives B cells in rheumatoid arthritis

Deepak A. Rao et al.

NATURE (2017)

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Article Immunology

Greater activation of peripheral T follicular helper cells following high dose influenza vaccine in older adults forecasts seroconversion

Mark A. Pilkinton et al.

VACCINE (2017)

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Article Immunology

Successive annual influenza vaccination induces a recurrent oligoclonotypic memory response in circulating T follicular helper cells

Ramin Sedaghat Herati et al.

SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY (2017)

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Article Immunology

A Cytokine-Independent Approach To Identify Antigen-Specific Human Germinal Center T Follicular Helper Cells and Rare Antigen-Specific CD4+ T Cells in Blood

Jennifer M. Dan et al.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2016)

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Article Immunology

Cytokine-Independent Detection of Antigen-Specific Germinal Center T Follicular Helper Cells in Immunized Nonhuman Primates Using a Live Cell Activation-Induced Marker Technique

Colin Havenar-Daughton et al.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2016)

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Article Cell Biology

Direct Probing of Germinal Center Responses Reveals Immunological Features and Bottlenecks for Neutralizing Antibody Responses to HIV Env Trimer

Colin Havenar-Daughton et al.

CELL REPORTS (2016)

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Article Immunology

The Interleukin-2-mTORc1 Kinase Axis Defines the Signaling, Differentiation, and Metabolism of T Helper 1 and Follicular B Helper T Cells

John P. Ray et al.

IMMUNITY (2015)

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Article Immunology

Circulating CXCR5+PD-1+ Response Predicts Influenza Vaccine Antibody Responses in Young Adults but not Elderly Adults

Ramin Sedaghat Herati et al.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Immunology

The cytokine TGF-β co-opts signaling via STAT3-STAT4 to promote the differentiation of human TFH cells

Nathalie Schmitt et al.

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY (2014)

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Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

The effect of aging on the frequency, phenotype and cytokine production of human blood CD4+CXCR5+T follicular helper cells: comparison of aged and young subjects

Maohua Zhou et al.

IMMUNITY & AGEING (2014)

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Article Immunology

Circulating Precursor CCR7loPD-1hi CXCR5+ CD4+ T Cells Indicate Tfh Cell Activity and Promote Antibody Responses upon Antigen Reexposure

Jing He et al.

IMMUNITY (2013)

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Review Immunology

Transcriptional regulation of follicular T-helper (Tfh) cells

Xindong Liu et al.

IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS (2013)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Impaired Antibody Response to Influenza Vaccine in HIV-Infected and Uninfected Aging Women Is Associated with Immune Activation and Inflammation

Anita Parmigiani et al.

PLOS ONE (2013)

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Article Immunology

Interleukin-2 Inhibits Germinal Center Formation by Limiting T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation

Andre Ballesteros-Tato et al.

IMMUNITY (2012)

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Article Immunology

Bcl6 and Maf Cooperate To Instruct Human Follicular Helper CD4 T Cell Differentiation

Mark A. Kroenke et al.

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (2012)

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Article Immunology

Human Blood CXCR5+CD4+ T Cells Are Counterparts of T Follicular Cells and Contain Specific Subsets that Differentially Support Antibody Secretion

Rimpei Morita et al.

IMMUNITY (2011)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Bcl6 and Blimp-1 Are Reciprocal and Antagonistic Regulators of T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation

Robert J. Johnston et al.

SCIENCE (2009)

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T follicular helper cells and their impact on humoral responses during pathogen and vaccine challenge

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