Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
Volume 63, Issue 18, Pages 3130-3149Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1984871
Keywords
Camellia sinensis (L; ) O; Kuntze; bioactive compounds; catechins; flavonoids; therapeutic potential; protection
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Tea, made from the shoots of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze, is the most commonly consumed nonalcoholic drink worldwide. The metabolites in tea have a wide range of therapeutic applications, particularly their antioxidant and disease-fighting properties in synergy with synthetic drugs. The bioactive flavonoids in tea also contribute to health benefits.
Tea manufactured from the cultivated shoots of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze is the most commonly consumed nonalcoholic drink around the world. Tea is an agro-based, environmentally sustainable, labor-intensive, job-generating, and export-oriented industry in many countries. Tea includes phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, vitamins, enzymes, crude fibers, protein, lipids, and carbohydrates, among other biochemical constituents. This review described the nature of tea metabolites, their biosynthesis and accumulation with response to various factors. The therapeutic application of various metabolites of tea against microbial diseases, cancer, neurological, and other metabolic disorders was also discussed in detail. The seasonal variation, cultivation practices and genetic variability influence tea metabolite synthesis. Tea biochemical constituents, especially polyphenols and its integral part catechin metabolites, are broadly focused on potential applicability for their action against various diseases. In addition to this, tea also contains bioactive flavonoids that possess health-beneficial effects. The catechin fractions, epigallocatechin 3-gallate and epicatechin 3-gallate, are the main components of tea that has strong antioxidant and medicinal properties. The synergistic function of natural tea metabolites with synthetic drugs provides effective protection against various diseases. Furthermore, the application of nanotechnologies enhanced bioavailability, enhancing the therapeutic potential of natural metabolites against numerous diseases and pathogens.
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