Journal
COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 154, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107465
Keywords
Fed-batch bioreactor; Dynamic optimization; Reinforcement learning; Model predictive control
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) of the Korean government [2020R1A2C1005503]
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The study introduces a two-stage optimal control framework for a fed-batch bioreactor utilizing high-level and low-level controllers to maximize final productivity and yield. Experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of this framework and compares different low-level controllers.
In this study, we propose a two-stage optimal control framework for a fed-batch bioreactor. The high-level controller aims to obtain the optimal feed trajectory that maximizes the final time productivity and yield using a nominal model. By contrast, the low-level controller maintains the high-level performance in the presence of the model-plant mismatch and real-time disturbances. This two-stage decomposition can perform the closed-loop operation with less online recomputation. To solve the high-level optimiza-tion, differential dynamic programming (DDP), a model-based reinforcement learning that employs the derivatives of the model is applied. Three types of low-level controllers are proposed: DDP controller, a model predictive control (MPC) that tracks the high-level trajectory, and an economic MPC. We first validate that DDP yields as good result as the direct method. Second, we compare the three low-level controllers and verify the necessity of the two-stage decomposition through the studies on a bioreactor. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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