4.3 Article

Differing associations between measures of somatic symptom reporting, personality, and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)

Journal

CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST
Volume 36, Issue 8, Pages 2135-2152

Publisher

TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2021.1985617

Keywords

Concussion; mild traumatic brain injury; personality; somatic symptoms

Funding

  1. US Army Medical Research and Material Command [W81XWH-12-0004]
  2. Defense Health Program under the Department of Defense Broad Agency Announcement for Extramural Medical Research [W81XWH-14-1-0561]
  3. Research and Education Program Fund, a component of the Advancing a Healthier Wisconsin endowment of the Medical College of Wisconsin
  4. Clinical for Advancing Translational Sciences [1ULI-RR031973 (-01)]
  5. National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [8ULITR000055, UL1TR001436]
  6. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [R01 NS110856]

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The study sheds light on the impact of somatic complaints in mTBI, showing that BSI-18 SOM and MMPI-2-RF RC1 are not interchangeable as they have only modest correlation and demonstrate differing associations with other clinical outcomes and mTBI.
Objective Somatic complaints are known to complicate recovery after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but the construct is poorly understood due to evolving definitions of associated disorders and uncertainty related to its position within the broader construct network of psychopathology. Methods: To better understand measures of somatic symptom reporting widely used with mTBI patients, we examined relationships between the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 Somatization (SOM) scale, the Minnesota Multiple Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form Somatic Complaints (RC1) scale, other measures of psychological and personality functioning, and mTBI in both athlete concussion (n = 100) and civilian trauma (n = 75 mTBI, n = 79 orthopedic injury) samples. Results: The association between post-injury SOM and RC1 was moderate (r=.37-.46) and similar to associations between these inventories and depression and anxiety symptoms. In civilians with mTBI, RC1 was more strongly associated with diverse personality dimensions than SOM. mTBI athletes reported increases in somatic symptoms from pre- to post-injury, with larger group effect sizes on SOM (eta p(2) = 0.34, p < .001) than RC1 (eta p(2) = 0.09, p = .003). Civilian mTBI patients showed a trend for somewhat higher post-injury RC1 scores than orthopedic trauma controls (eta p(2) = 0.02, p = .068). Conclusions: Findings add to the current knowledge of the influence of somatic complaints in mTBI. BSI-18 SOM and MMPI-2-RF RC1 are not interchangeable, as they are only modestly correlated and demonstrate differing associations with other clinical outcomes and mTBI.

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